Work and heat in quantum CNOT gate operations Xian-Ting Liang, Jiong Cheng, Wen-Zhao Zhang and Xuan Leng Eur. Phys. J. D, 75 10 (2021) 265 Published online: 05 October 2021 DOI: 10.1140/epjd/s10053-021-00270-w