Area and energy optimized multilayer QCA-based 4N-bit scalable multiplier (M4N-MUL) Vaibhav Jain, Devendra Kumar Sharma and Hari Mohan Gaur Eur. Phys. J. Plus, 137 11 (2022) 1281 Published online: 27 November 2022 DOI: 10.1140/epjp/s13360-022-03486-w