Scattering approach for calculating one-loop effective action and vacuum energy Yuan-Yuan Liu, Shi-Lin Li, Yu-Jie Chen, Wen-Du Li and Wu-Sheng Dai Eur. Phys. J. Plus, 138 9 (2023) 847 Published online: 25 September 2023 DOI: 10.1140/epjp/s13360-023-04463-7