Phenomenological toy model for flash effect in proton therapy G. García, D. Llorena, C. Illescas, S. Viñals, L. García, G. Fernández de Barrena Machón, D. Sánchez-Parcerisa and M. D. Ynsa Eur. Phys. J. Plus, 139 6 (2024) 479 Published online: 04 June 2024 DOI: 10.1140/epjp/s13360-024-05267-z