Pore-scale investigation of two-dimensional water–oil displacement in fractured porous media Mingyang Wu, Zhenlong Song, Zhengwen Zhu, Di Shi, Debin Xia and Qianying Li Eur. Phys. J. Plus, 139 7 (2024) 611 Published online: 14 July 2024 DOI: 10.1140/epjp/s13360-024-05426-2