Optical solitons in nematic liquid crystals: dynamics, stability and modulation instabilities Brajraj Singh, Divya Yadav, Mohit Sharma, Manoj Mishra and Soumendu Jana Eur. Phys. J. Plus, 140 7 (2025) 625 Published online: 03 July 2025 DOI: 10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06566-9